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Imagine taking an evening walk and passing trees glowing like rainbows along the sidewalk or having a blue, glow-in-the dark houseplant as a night light! This is the reality Shuting Liu envisions after creating glow-in-the-dark succulent plants that recharge in sunlight.

“Picture the world of [the movie] Avatar, where glowing plants light up an entire ecosystem,” said Liu, a scientist from South China Agricultural University. “We wanted to make that vision possible using materials we already work with in the lab. Imagine glowing trees replacing streetlights.”

Liu and her colleagues found a way to inject bioluminescent compounds directly into succulent plants, causing the leaves to glow. A succulent is a type of plant with thick, fleshy leaves such as an aloe or cactus. The compounds—called afterglow phosphor particles—absorb light energy from the Sun during the day and slowly release light over time, showing up particularly well in dark places or at night. The injected phosphor particles can come in greens, yellows, reds, and blues.

The research team began this project looking to make a sustainable alternative for dim outdoor lighting. They had tried injecting bioluminescent compounds into other types of plants, like bok choy, but it was the succulents that glowed best.

The researchers were able to create a wall of 56 glowing succulents. The light was bright enough to read texts and illuminate objects. The glowing effect does fade and is not permanent, so the researchers are continuing to study the possibilities for using these glowing plants as lighting options.

“I just find it incredible that an entirely human-made, micro-scale material can come together so seamlessly with the natural structure of a plant,” said Liu. “The way they integrate is almost magical. It creates a special kind of functionality.”

Most people use their legs for standing and walking and rely on their arms when they eat, carry things, and write. People even have a dominant arm they use more than the other. But do octopuses also use certain limbs to do certain tasks? A new study suggests the answer is yes, but not because they need to.

In the study, a group of scientists observed 25 videos of octopuses in the wild and recorded nearly 4,000 different arm actions to accomplish tasks like crawling, swimming, collecting shells and other building materials, building dens, and capturing prey. Each time the scientists saw an octopus doing something with its arms, they watched the action a total of eight times to record what, if anything, each arm was doing to help accomplish the task. 

The scientists found that an octopus can change the shape of its arm in four ways: by bending, twisting, shortening, and elongating it. They recorded 12 types of arm movements, such as reaching and grasping.

In February 2024, American teenager Tejasvi Manoj watched as her grandfather was almost scammed out of $2,000 in a cybercrime attempt. Pretending to be a relative, the fraudster had sent an urgent email requesting money to settle a debt. Fortunately, Manoj’s dad alerted her grandfather to the scam before any money was sent. That experience made Manoj realize that elderly citizens are particularly vulnerable to online scams.

So she decided to do something about it. 

Since that day, Manoj has devoted her free time to developing a website called Shield Seniors, a resource that helps people aged 60 and older learn how to spot online scams and analyze suspicious messages. Though she is still building this resource, her work has already been recognized for helping protect an overlooked population that is particularly vulnerable to cybercrimes. In 2025, the project earned Manoj the title of Time magazine’s Kid of the Year.

 Cybercrime is any illegal activity involving computers and the Internet. It can include identity theft and using fraudulent messages (emails, texts, and phone calls) to get people to send money or share bank account details. There are thousands of cybercrime victims each year, many of them senior citizens. In 2023, the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation estimated that scams targeting people over age 60 caused more than $3.4 billion in losses. 

“I found out this was a much bigger problem than I could have anticipated,” said Manoj in an interview with Time. “After seeing these kinds of statistics, I became really concerned for my grandfather and for so many older adults.”

A rider galloping on a horse while holding a sharp spear is an image you might associate with ancient battles. But modern-day equestrians like South Africa’s Makhosazana “Khosi” Dlomo are keeping age-old battlefield skills alive through the unique sport of tent pegging.

“It is a military discipline… Tent pegging has more of an adrenaline rush,” said Dlomo in a video interview with BBC Sport Africa. 

In tent pegging, a rider uses a spear or sword to pierce a target as their horse runs past it. The target may be a cardboard peg stuck in the ground or a series of rings hanging from a pole. Tent pegging requires excellent timing, accuracy, and coordination between the horse and rider as they charge toward the target.

“You’re hanging off the side of a horse and you need to trust that this horse is stable. And if you don’t trust the animal, then it’s not going to work out,” said Dlomo.

Rather than creating art just for galleries and museums, artist Judy Baca has made her home city her canvas, turning walls and riverbanks into works of art. Baca transforms these public spaces into giant, colorful murals inspired by her Chicana heritage and home city of Los Angeles, California.

Baca came of age in Los Angeles amid the Chicano Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, also known as the Mexican-American civil rights movement. As a result, her artwork frequently blends history, culture, and activism for social change.

Beginning in 1974, Baca undertook what is now considered to be one of the biggest community mural projects in the world: the Great Wall of Los Angeles. This public mural is currently half a mile long (nearly 1 kilometer) and runs along the concrete banks of a river. 

The mural depicts scenes stretching back thousands of years to prehistoric California and leading up to trailblazing Olympic athletes of the mid-20th century. The heroes of this visual story are predominantly civil rights leaders and groups, along with individuals who broke through barriers to equality. Some historical figures highlighted in the mural include Mary Ellen Pleasant, the first Black self-made millionaire, and Big Mama Thorton, a musician who influenced the birth of rock and roll. 

“The story I wanted to tell was the story that wasn’t recorded in history books: the history of people of color, the history of women, of Indigenous people,” said Baca in a PBS News Hour interview. “[I wanted] to look at what was missing from the story of America…and teach it to the young people who would begin to learn about each other.”

To paint the mural, Baca employed hundreds of people from the local community. Baca says that creating public art alongside the people who live in those places makes them “sites of public memory.” 

Baca’s public art program, called the Social and Public Art Resource Center (SPARC), continues working on the Great Wall and other public art projects. In her lifetime Baca has been involved in the creation of hundreds of murals, making monuments out of places and figures that have frequently been overlooked.

“Essentially the thread was always looking at the conditions of my community and the people I loved and worked with and cared about and telling their stories,” said Baca. “I really believe that art has amazing [abilities] to be transformative.”

Imagine going on a long sea voyage with no modern navigational tools. About 30,000 years ago, a group of people traveled on rough seas from Taiwan to an island in Japan with no instruments, landmarks, or maps to guide them. To find out how they did it, scientists decided to re-create the journey.

When a team of researchers from Japan and Taiwan set out to determine how ancient people traveled 140 miles (225 kilometers) from Taiwan to the southern Japanese island of Yonaguni, they knew two things: First, the settlers must have traveled by sea, as there was no other way to reach an island. Second, they would have had to battle the area’s powerful Kuroshio current, which is notoriously difficult. 

This summer, more than 120 Native American teens and young adults completed a historic kayaking trip that hadn’t been possible for more than 100 years. The Indigenous youth paddled 310 miles across 30 days to honor the restoration of the Klamath River, which runs from southern Oregon to northern California in the United States. This event was a celebration honoring the removal of four hydroelectric dams that had previously blocked the river.

Many Indigenous peoples of the U.S. Pacific Northwest region have historically relied on rivers for food, transportation, and cultural connection. For the people of the Klamath River basin, salmon are critical—the Klamath was once the third highest salmon-producing river in the contiguous United States. After 1918, dams blocked the annual salmon migration and thus severed the Indigenous communities’ historic ties to the river.

Since then, these Indigenous communities have been advocating for dam removal and the return of the salmon. Recently, efforts to remove several dams succeeded, and as of 2024 much of the Klamath flows continuously again.

“It’s just a big moment in history, and in everybody’s lives,” Isqotsxoyan Scott, one of the kayakers, told Oregon Public Broadcasting. “All of our families have been fighting for dam removal. Everybody’s been fighting for us to be able to reach different parts of the rivers that we haven’t been able to in over 150 years.” 

Kayakers like Scott spent years learning to kayak and navigate whitewater rapids in anticipation of this event. A program called Paddle Tribal Waters taught the Indigenous youth the kayaking skills they would need to be the first to paddle the river from its headwaters to the sea. The Klamath River group included young people from many Indigenous groups, including the Yurok, Klamath, Hoopa Valley, Karuk, Quartz Valley, and Warm Springs—all of which have historic connections to the river valley.

The first generation of salmon to be spawned since the dams were built can now make the return trip up the river.

“The river remembers,” said Susan Masten, a member of the Yurok Tribe. “The fish are coming back to spawn where they haven’t been able to be in a hundred years plus. The fish remember. We, as this river system, are healing.”

Click through the slideshow for more photos from this historic journey!

It’s hard to imagine that a rock could ever be worth $5 million—unless that rock comes from another planet. A large meteorite from Mars recently sold at auction for $5.3 million. But while the Martian meteorite made headlines in the days leading up to the auction, another item ended up selling for a lot more money.

According to Sotheby’s auction house, a meteorite hunter discovered the rock in the Sahara Desert in the African country of Niger in 2003. The meteorite had traveled 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) to Earth after an asteroid hit the Red Planet and the force of the impact blew the rock off the Martian surface. The meteorite has been named NWA 16788 because it is the 16,778th meteorite to be found in northwestern Africa.

“This remarkable meteorite provides a tangible connection to the Red Planet—our celestial neighbor that has long captured the human imagination,” Cassandra Hatton, vice chair of science and natural history at Sotheby’s, said in a statement.

Meteorites have been discovered all over the world, but NWA 16788 is special for two reasons. First, at 54 pounds (24.5 kilograms) and about the size of a school backpack, it’s one of the largest Mars meteorites ever discovered on Earth. Second, it’s rare. More than 77,000 meteorites have been discovered on Earth, but only about 400 of them came from Mars.

Still, the Martian meteorite wasn’t the highest-valued item at the Sotheby’s auction. That honor belonged to another rare item—the skeleton of a juvenile (young) dinosaur, which sold for more than $30 million. Found near Laramie, Wyoming, in 1996, the skeleton is of a carnivorous species called Ceratosaurus nasicornis, which looked like a smaller version of Tyrannosaurus rex. It’s one of four known C. nasicornis skeletons and the only one from a juvenile C. nasicornis. 

It might seem as if artificial intelligence (AI) knows everything. But AI bots have only the data people have given them, and that can lead to incomplete, inaccurate, or biased search results. Now, tech companies are working to expand AI’s knowledge, by partnering with libraries around the world.

Companies like Google, Microsoft, and OpenAI (which owns ChatGPT, a well-known chatbot) are working with Harvard University, public libraries, and other institutions to digitize, or put online, parts of their book collections and feed them into the banks of data used to “train” AI. The book subjects range from law to the sciences to literature. 

Expanding AI

The tech companies are eager to expand what AI “knows.” When AI bots, like ChatGPT and Google’s AI Overview, were first developed, the companies fed information into them from various online sources, from scanned books to Wikipedia to social media. Since not all of these sources are reliable, AI search results aren’t always accurate. Moreover, some of the sources that were fed into AI bots were copyrighted, meaning it was illegal to copy them without permission from the author or copyright holder. This has led to numerous lawsuits against the big tech companies. 

There’s also plenty that’s missing from AI’s data collection, including much of the information on library bookshelves. Under the new partnerships with institutions, books will be added only if they are in the public domain, meaning their copyright has expired. In the United States, many copyrighted works enter the public domain once they are 95 years old. 

A massive pink diamond ring with ties to French royalty has broken an auction record, selling for nearly $14 million. Estimates had indicated the ring would sell for between $5 and $7 million.

The ring’s pink gemstone has a historic and intriguing legacy, having once belonged to Marie-Antoinette of France, the country’s last queen before the French Revolution of 1789. How the gem survived the Revolution is still a mystery, but it went to Marie-Antoinette’s daughter, Marie-Thérèse. As a result, the diamond is called the Marie-Thérèse Pink.

Marie-Antoinette was the queen consort of King Louis XVI. In the years leading up to the Revolution, there was growing unrest and anger with the royals and aristocracy for extravagant spending and restricting the rights of the people. With the start of the Revolution on July 14, 1789, the people sought to change the country, set up a constitution, and restrict the monarchy’s rule. Marie-Antoinette urged her husband to resist these changes, which made her deeply unpopular among the common people. This is part of the sentiment behind the infamous legend that when Marie-Antoinette was told the people had no bread to eat, she responded, “Let them eat cake!”

Eventually Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette were imprisoned and executed in Paris.

While the sequence of events surrounding the diamond is uncertain, experts think Marie-Antoinette sent the diamond and other jewels with a trusted coiffeur, or hairdresser, one night when the royals had tried to escape Paris before imprisonment. The escape attempt failed, but the pink jewel made its way out. It was reunited with Marie-Antoinette’s only surviving child, Marie-Thérèse, after the Revolution.

Marie-Thérèse passed the diamond on to other family members before it was sold in 1996. The buyer had the gem turned into a ring by well-known jewelry designer Joel Arthur Rosenthal, who is known as JAR. The diamond stayed out of public view until Christie’s New York’s Magnificent Jewels auction this summer.

“It has everything you could want in a piece of jewelry,” says Rahul Kadakia, Christie’s international head of jewelry. “The stone—likely from the prized Indian region of Golconda—has several shades of soft colors, flashing purple and pink from different angles. And it’s been transformed into a masterpiece by JAR, all while carrying the splendor of royal provenance.”